一种面向道路网3维数据的空间索引方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

左小清  李清泉 《测绘学报》2006,35(1):57-63

根据数据沿道路呈线性分布,道路相互连通的特点,提出连通拓扑和动态分段相结合的混合索引机制,分两步来实现查询过程:第一步通过连通索引来进行粗略查询;第二步根据粗略查询结果,利用动态分段索引完成精确查询。以此建立的道路网及沿线3维数据的空间索引具有很高的查询速度,能确保数据的快速动态装载,可满足道路网3维可视化的要求。最后通过实验对算法进行实现,并在空间效率和时间效率上与R树索引进行了比较。  相似文献   

基于PDA的移动导航系统的动态标注   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周岩  文江 《测绘科学技术学报》2006,23(5):384-386,390

动态标注是移动导航系统传达导航信息的一个重要方面.针对PDA移动导航系统的特点,围绕如何在导航过程中正确、高效地进行地图动态标注这一问题进行了研究.对于点状地物,提出了一种基于格网整体规划,分块注记的方法;对于线状地物,提出了拆分注记文本、投影标注的方法.该方法能够有效地避免注记压盖和信息缺损等现象,同时还能保证在PDA导航过程中实时、高效地进行动态标注.保证了地图显示的可读性和美观程度,同时也保持了地图浏览的流畅性.  相似文献   

All-sky Data Assimilation of MWTS-2 and MWHS-2 in the Met Office Global NWP System.     

Fabien CARMINATI  Stefano MIGLIORINI 《大气科学进展》2021,38(10):1682-1694

Microwave radiances from passive polar-orbiting radiometers have been, until recently, assimilated in the Met Office global numerical weather prediction system after the scenes significantly affected by atmospheric scattering are discarded.Recent system upgrades have seen the introduction of a scattering-permitting observation operator and the development of a variable observation error using both liquid and ice water paths as proxies of scattering-induced bias. Applied to the Fengyun 3 Microwave Temperature Sounder 2(MWTS-2) and the Microwave Humidity Sounder 2(MWHS-2), this methodology increases the data usage by up to 8% at 183 GHz. It also allows for the investigation into the assimilation of MWHS-2 118 GHz channels, sensitive to temperature and lower tropospheric humidity, but whose large sensitivity to ice cloud have prevented their use thus far. While the impact on the forecast is mostly neutral with small but significant shortrange improvements, 0.3% in terms of root mean square error, for southern winds and low-level temperature, balanced by 0.2% degradations of short-range northern and tropical low-level temperature, benefits are observed in the background fit of independent instruments used in the system. The lower tropospheric temperature sounding Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer(IASI) channels see a reduction of the standard deviation in the background departure of up to 1.2%. The Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit A(AMSU-A) stratospheric sounding channels improve by up to 0.5% and the Microwave Humidity Sounder(MHS) humidity sounding channels improve by up to 0.4%.  相似文献   

利用深度学习融合NWP和多源观测数据的闪电落区短时预报方法     

周康辉  郑永光  王婷波 《气象学报》2021,79(1):1-14

强对流短时预报（2—6 h）具有较大难度。一方面,基于观测数据的外推已基本不可用;另一方面,高分辨率数值模式（High-resolution Numerical Weather Prediction,HNWP）的预报性能有待提升。利用深度学习方法,将卫星、雷达、云-地闪电（简称闪电）等观测数据和高分辨率数值模式预测数据进行融合,得到更有效的闪电落区短时预报结果。基于多源观测数据和高分辨率数值天气预报数据的特性,构建了一个双输入单输出的深度学习语义分割模型（LightningNet-NWP）,使用了包括闪电密度、雷达组合反射率拼图、卫星成像仪6个红外通道,以及GRAPES_3km模式预报的雷达组合反射率等共9个预报因子。深度学习模型使用了编码-解码的经典全卷卷积结构,并使用池化索引共享的方式,尽可能保留不同尺度特征图上的细节特征信息;利用三维卷积层提取观测数据时间和空间上的变化特征。结果表明,LightningNet-NWP能够较好地实现0—6 h的闪电落区预报,具备比单纯使用多源观测数据、高分辨率数值模式预报数据更好的预报结果。深度学习能够有效实现多源观测数据和数值天气预报数据的融合,在2—6 h时效预报效果优于单独使用观测数据或数值天气预报数据;预报时效越长,融合的优势体现得越明显。   相似文献   

基于执行依赖启发式动态规划的船舶减摇鳍在线最优控制     

阮光维  李铁山  于仁海  刘琪 《南京气象学院学报》2021,13(1):10-16

针对船舶线性横摇系统,设计了一种基于执行依赖启发式动态规划（ADHDP）方法的在线学习最优减摇鳍控制器.在设计过程中直接使用输入输出数据获取系统状态值.利用评价网络来逼近针对船舶减摇鳍控制系统设计的性能指标函数,并通过执行网络获得最优控制律,这两个网络都是多层前馈神经网络,即反向传播（BP）神经网络.在训练过程中,这两个神经网络不仅可以使用实时测量数据,也可以减少船舶横摇模型的内部误差和不确定性干扰的影响,从而提高系统的鲁棒性.最后,仿真结果表明所提出的ADHDP控制器对于降低船舶横摇有很好的控制效果.  相似文献   

中国长三角地区PM2.5时空分布数值模拟研究     

许敏 《气象与环境学报》2021,37(4):33-39

利用第三代空气质量预报模式LOTOS-EUROS(Long Term Ozone Simulation-European Operational Smog)对2018年中国长三角地区细颗粒物(PM_2.5)浓度的时空分布进行数值模拟,通过对比模拟结果与地面观测值,验证模式对PM_2.5长期特征模拟的合理性并探讨长三角地区PM_2.5的时空分布特征。结果表明：LOTOS-EUROS模式可以较好地再现中国长三角地区PM_2.5浓度的时空分布特征,监测站点观测值和模拟值的整体相关系数达到0.64,可以用于长三角地区细颗粒物的模拟。长三角地区PM_2.5浓度呈冬高夏低,西北高东南低的特征。冬季PM_2.5浓度高值出现在长三角地区的西北部,安徽省等地区的浓度水平最大值可达到160 μg·m^-3;春季和秋季PM_2.5浓度的高值集中在30°N以北、120°E以西地区,浓度为40-80 μg·m^-3;而夏季PM_2.5浓度水平大幅度降低,大部分地区维持在20-40 μg·m^-3,低值中心出现在长三角地区东南部沿海城市,低于10 μg·m^-3,最低值可达5 μg·m^-3。  相似文献   

Testing a proposed new chronology for the Jasmund Glacitectonic Complex (SW Baltic Sea): No indication of incipient deformation during MIS 3     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2022

Weichselian advances of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet have generated several glacitectonically deformed structures in the southwestern Baltic Sea area. One example is the 100 km² large Jasmund Glacitectonic Complex (JGC), which was formed proglacially and consists of two subparallel-orientated sets of composite ridges that represent a northern and southern structural complex. The two-part morphological structure of the JGC suggests a formation by two ice advances, one approaching from NE and one from SE direction. So far, this divided structure has been assumed to have been formed by short-time ice-front oscillations during an MIS 2 ice advance. However, based on their recently published ice dynamic model for MIS 3 and the available age data from Jasmund, lüthgens et al. (2020) propose a chronological reinterpretation of the JGC development, according to which two distinct ice advances during early and late MIS 3 formed the JGC. In order to test this novel stratigraphical model for the JGC formation, five OSL samples were taken from fluvial and lacustrine deposits at a key section near Glowe (NW Jasmund). The investigated succession is divided into pre-kinematic sediments, deposited before the glacitectonic deformation, and post-kinematic sediments, deposited after the deformation. Our results show that the youngest dated pre-tectonic sediment has a burial age between ∼40 and 34 ka, which rules out a glacitectonic deformation during an early MIS 3 ice advance (∼60–50 ka). In addition, by reviewing the existing age data set, a development of the JGC during an early and late MIS 3 advance of the SIS must be rejected. Instead, our data confirm the genesis of the JGC during MIS 2.  相似文献   

自适应顺序采样Kriging方法及其在增量动力分析中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

焦圣虎  侯和涛  冉德胜  陈城  曾晓真  高梦起  熊方明 《世界地震工程》2022,38(4):218-228

复杂结构的增量动力分析（IDA）对于结构的抗震设计和分析有着重要意义,但需对结构进行大量的非线性时程分析,计算量成本高。本文结合Kriging元模型和自适应顺序采样并用于结构增量动力分析以提高其计算效率和精度,其中:Kriging元模型用于预测结构的地震响应,顺序采样根据候选点的熵值补充非线性时程分析逐步增加Kriging模型的预测精度。借助本文方法,IDA曲线可通过少量的时程分析实现较高的精度。为了校验本文方法的可行性与有效性,对二层和九层钢框架结构模型应用直接IDA、hunt&fill方法和本文方法分析并比较了上述三种方法的计算误差、计算效率和IDA曲线差别。在此基础上本文将自适应顺序采样Kriging方法用于考虑结构不确定性参数的IDA分析,并和传统的蒙特卡洛方法进行比较。结果表明:该方法具有较高的计算效率,可以保证IDA曲线的精度。  相似文献   

基于IDA的层间隔震结构失效模式研究          下载免费PDF全文

李天明  刘德稳  罗晓轩  霍一然  杨忠楠  雷敏 《世界地震工程》2022,38(4):132-142

层间隔震结构是由基础隔震结构发展而来的一种新型隔震结构。为研究层间隔震结构的倒塌,需先研究不同层间隔震结构的不同失效模式和失效位置,文章建立了3个不同结构参数的层间隔震结构有限元模型,选取20条与抗震规范反应谱吻合的地震动,采用增量动力分析（IDA）方法,分别对其失效模式和失效位置进行研究。研究表明:基于不同的结构参数,层间隔震的基本失效模式有三种,即隔震层水平位移超限导致结构失效、下部结构层间位移角超限导致结构失效、隔震层拉压应力超限导致结构失效;隔震层下部结构和隔震层最外边缘支座为结构的薄弱位置,应引起更多关注。此方法不仅可以研究结构的不同失效模式,还可以确定失效位置,可为下一步层间隔震结构的抗倒塌分析提供理论基础。  相似文献   

Experimental study on the dynamic modulus of compacted loess under bidirectional dynamic load     

Liguo Yang  Shengjun Shao  Qilong Sun  Ping Wang 《地震研究进展（英文）》2022,2(3):100115

The dynamic characteristics of compacted loess are of great significance to the seismic construction of the Loess Plateau area in Northwest China, where earthquakes frequently occur. To study the change in the dynamic modulus of the foundation soil under the combined action of vertical and horizontal earthquakes, a hollow cylindrical torsion shear instrument capable of vibrating in four directions was used to perform two-way coupling of compression and torsion of Xi'an compacted loess under different dry density and deviator stress ratios. The results show that increasing the dry density can improve the initial dynamic compression modulus and initial dynamic shear modulus of compacted loess. With an increase in the deviator stress ratio, the initial dynamic compression modulus increases, to a certain extent, but the initial dynamic shear modulus decreases slightly. The dynamic modulus gradually decreases with the development of dynamic strain and tends to be stable, and the dynamic modulus that reaches the same strain increases with an increasing dry density. At the initial stage of dynamic loading, the attenuation of the dynamic shear modulus with the strain development is faster than that of the dynamic compression modulus. Compared with previous research results, it is determined that the dynamic modulus of loess under bidirectional dynamic loading is lower and the attenuation rate is faster than that under single-direction dynamic loading. The deviator stress ratio has a more obvious effect on the dynamic compression modulus. The increase in the deviator stress ratio can increase the dynamic compression modulus, to a certain extent. However, the deviator stress ratio has almost no effect on the dynamic shear modulus, and can therefore be ignored.  相似文献